Treatment for testicular and scrotal pain varies depending on the cause and severity of the pain. Some relief options include:

• Rest. Taking time to rest following a testicular/scrotal injury or procedure is often a sufficient remedy in cases where pain is relatively moderate.
  
  
• Elevation. Elevation of scrotum by using support after testicular/scrotal injury or procedure often alleviates mild to moderate pain.
  
  
• Cryotherapy (cold treatment). Applying an ice bag or cold pack to the scrotum can help relieve pain and swelling. They can also increase the time a testicle can survive with decreased blood flow in cases of severe injury, such as torsion.
  
  
• Pain medicines. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen or aspirin may help reduce pain temporarily. 
  
  
• Surgery. In cases of serious injury or disease, surgery may be required to prevent further damage and begin recovery. The success of surgery in these instances may vary according to various factors (e.g., time between injury/diagnosis and surgery).
  
  
• Manual detorsion. If surgery for torsion injuries is not available, manual detorsion of the testicle may be necessary. This is performed by rotating the testicle in a manner opposite to the initial injury. Exploratory surgery may be necessary after manual detorsion is completed to check for remaining complications.
  
  
• Antibiotics. These may be used to help alleviate pain when a bacterial infection is present.

Some types of testicular and scrotal pain, such as torsion of a testicular appendage, can be treated with ice and pain medication and generally resolve within a week. Other conditions, however, require specific types of treatment. These include:

• Torsion. Often requires immediate surgery or an attempt to untwist the testicle for temporary pain relief.
  
  
• Epididymitis. Often requires antibiotic treatments for seven to 10 days. Occasionally, a hospital stay is required with this condition.
  
  
• Hernia. Usually requires surgery.
  
  
• Tumor. Individuals with a testicular tumor are usually referred to a urologist or oncologist for treatment.
  
  
• Rupture or hematocele. This condition often requires immediate surgery to resolve the problem.
  
  
• Kidney stones. Drinking plenty of water usually helps small stones pass through the urinary tract. In some cases, however, kidney stones require medication, shockwave therapy (lithotripsy) or surgery.

Individuals who have had surgery for testicular torsion or a hernia should have a follow-up meeting or consultation with their surgeon. Those patients who have received treatment for epididymitis or torsion of a testicular appendage seek additional medical attention if any of the following should occur:

• Symptoms persist for longer than one week
• Pain increases
• Symptoms appear to change