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Use the A-Z list to browse more than 6,000 health-related topics in our library. Clicking on a term opens the definition and, in most cases, links to more information.
Topic Index
- + TNA
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- TNA
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"TNA" is more commonly referred to as "Trigeminal Neuralgia Association" in the medical community.
Trigeminal Neuralgia Association
Association that provides information, support and encouragement to patients with trigeminal neuralgia (a disorder of one of the facial nerves) and advocates for research on the disease.
- + TNF
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- TNF
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"TNF" is more commonly referred to as "Tumor Necrosis Factor" in the medical community.
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Also Known As: "Tumor Necrosis Factor Gamma, Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta, TNFg, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, TNFb, TNFa"
A substance produced by white blood cells that helps fight disease, including destroying cancer cells. There are three types: alpha (TNFa), beta (TNFb) and gamma (TNFg).
More Information on Tumor Necrosis Factor: Cancer Basics
- + TNF Inhibitors
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- TNF Inhibitors
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"TNF Inhibitors" is more commonly referred to as "Anti TNF" in the medical community.
Anti TNF
Also Known As: "Anti Tumor Necrosis Factor, Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors"
Medications frequently used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. They may also be used to treat some forms of inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease.
More Information on Anti TNF: Digestive Medications
- + TNFa
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- TNFa
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"TNFa" is more commonly referred to as "Tumor Necrosis Factor" in the medical community.
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Also Known As: "Tumor Necrosis Factor Gamma, TNF, Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta, TNFg, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, TNFb"
A substance produced by white blood cells that helps fight disease, including destroying cancer cells. There are three types: alpha (TNFa), beta (TNFb) and gamma (TNFg).
More Information on Tumor Necrosis Factor: Cancer Basics
- + TNFb
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- TNFb
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"TNFb" is more commonly referred to as "Tumor Necrosis Factor" in the medical community.
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Also Known As: "TNFa, Tumor Necrosis Factor Gamma, TNF, Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta, TNFg, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha"
A substance produced by white blood cells that helps fight disease, including destroying cancer cells. There are three types: alpha (TNFa), beta (TNFb) and gamma (TNFg).
More Information on Tumor Necrosis Factor: Cancer Basics
- + TNFg
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- TNFg
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"TNFg" is more commonly referred to as "Tumor Necrosis Factor" in the medical community.
Tumor Necrosis Factor
Also Known As: "Tumor Necrosis Factor Gamma, Tumor Necrosis Factor Beta, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, TNFb, TNFa, TNF"
A substance produced by white blood cells that helps fight disease, including destroying cancer cells. There are three types: alpha (TNFa), beta (TNFb) and gamma (TNFg).
More Information on Tumor Necrosis Factor: Cancer Basics
- + TNM System
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- TNM System
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Also Known As: "American Joint Committee on Cancer Stages, AJCC Staging System"
A standard for determining the stage of a cancer developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. It is based on tumor size (T) and whether it has spread to lymph nodes (N) and other organs (metastasized [M]).
More Information on TNM System: Cancer Basics
- + Toadstool Poisoning
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- Toadstool Poisoning
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"Toadstool Poisoning" is more commonly referred to as "Muscarine Poisoning" in the medical community.
Muscarine Poisoning
Also Known As: "Phalloidine Poisoning, Mushroom Poisoning, Amanitin Poisoning"
Food poisoning that results from eating certain types of toxic mushrooms.
More Information on Muscarine Poisoning: Gastroenteritis & Food Illness
- + Tobacco & Black Americans
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- Tobacco & Black Americans
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"Tobacco & Black Americans" is more commonly referred to as "Smoking & Black Americans" in the medical community.
Smoking & Black Americans
Also Known As: "Cigarettes & Black Americans"
Black American children and teenagers are less likely than white youths to have a smoking habit. However, black American adults continue to be diagnosed with smoking-related diseases at a greater rate than other groups in the United States.
More Information on Smoking & Black Americans: Smoking & Tobacco
- + Tobacco & Cancer Risk
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- Tobacco & Cancer Risk
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Also Known As: "Smoking & Cancer Risk"
Cigarette smoking is believed to cause 87 percent of lung cancers and tobacco use is culpable for most cancers of the mouth, larynx, esophagus and bladder. Quitting tobacco use can dramatically reduce the chance of cancer and many other diseases.
More Information on Tobacco & Cancer Risk: Cancer Risk Factors
- + Tobacco & Oral Health
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- Tobacco & Oral Health
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Smoking and use of smokeless tobacco can increase the risk of developing oral cancer and gum disease. They damage gum tissue by impacting the attachment of bone and soft tissue to the teeth.
More Information on Tobacco & Oral Health: Smoking & Tobacco
- + Tobacco Smoke
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- Tobacco Smoke
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Also Known As: "Cigar Smoke, Pipe Smoke, Cigarette Smoke"
Smoke from cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products that contains about 2,000 gases and chemicals, including nicotine (a highly addictive chemical), tar (20 or more different cancer-causing substances) and carbon monoxide.
More Information on Tobacco Smoke: Smoking & Tobacco
- + Tobacco Use & Women
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- Tobacco Use & Women
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Smoking and smokeless tobacco significantly increase the risk of developing many conditions and are especially dangerous to women taking certain medications (e.g., birth control pills). Tobacco use can affect both fertility and a developing fetus.
More Information on Tobacco Use & Women: ObGyn Risk Factors
- + Tobramycin
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- Tobramycin
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"Tobramycin" is more commonly referred to as "Streptomycin" in the medical community.
Streptomycin
Also Known As: "Amikacin, Meomycin, Gentamicin, Netilmicin, Kanamycin, Spectinomycin"
A type of antibiotic belonging to the drug class of aminoglycosides. These medications kill or slow the growth of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria. They have no effect on viruses.
More Information on Streptomycin: Digestive Medications
- + Tocopherol
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- Tocopherol
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"Tocopherol" is more commonly referred to as "Vitamin E" in the medical community.
Vitamin E
A fat-soluble vitamin that is an important antioxidant. It is found chiefly in plant leaves, wheat germ, oil and milk.
More Information on Vitamin E: Vitamins
- + Todd's Paralysis
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- Todd's Paralysis
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A neurological condition marked by a brief period of temporary paralysis following a seizure. The paralysis usually affects one side of the body and subsides completely within 48 hours. Speech and vision also may be affected.
More Information on Todd's Paralysis: Neuro Signs & Symptoms
- + Toddler
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- Toddler
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"Toddler" is more commonly referred to as "Early Childhood Development" in the medical community.
Early Childhood Development
The stage of childhood development that occurs between the ages of 1 and 4. At this stage, they learn to walk, talk, draw and begin to learn the alphabet. They display coordinated movement such as kicking or throwing a ball, running and pedaling.
More Information on Early Childhood Development: Growth & Development
- + Toilet Training
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- Toilet Training
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Also Known As: "Potty Training"
The process by which a young child is weaned from diapers and learns to use the toilet for urination and defecation.
More Information on Toilet Training: Growth & Development
- + Tolazamide
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- Tolazamide
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A type of sulfonylurea agent (antidiabetic) used to treat type 2 diabetes. It decreases blood glucose levels by increasing the amount of insulin produced in the pancreas and helping body cells to use insulin more efficiently.
More Information on Tolazamide: Diabetes & Endocrine Drugs
- + Tolbutamide
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- Tolbutamide
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A type of sulfonylurea agent (antidiabetic) used to treat type 2 diabetes. It decreases blood glucose levels by increasing the amount of insulin produced in the pancreas and helping body cells to use insulin more efficiently.
More Information on Tolbutamide: Diabetes & Endocrine Drugs
- + Tolerability
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- Tolerability
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Ability to tolerate a substance, particularly a medication, without substantial adverse effects.
- + Tolerable UI Levels
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- Tolerable UI Levels
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Maximum levels of daily nutrient intakes that are recommended without posing health risks to individuals in the group for whom they are designed.
More Information on Tolerable UI Levels: Nutrition Basics
- + Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
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- Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
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Also Known As: "Tolerable UI Levels"
Maximum levels of daily nutrient intakes that are recommended without posing health risks to individuals in the group for whom they are designed.
More Information on Tolerable Upper Intake Levels: Nutrition Basics
- + Tolerance
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- Tolerance
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The point at which a person adapts to a given substance, particularly a medication, so that larger amounts are required in order to achieve the same results. This is not the same as addiction or dependence.
More Information on Tolerance: Pain Management
- + Tolerance, Dependence & Addiction in Pain Management
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- Tolerance, Dependence & Addiction in Pain Management
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Distinctly different terms sometimes used interchangeably. Addiction is characterized by harmful and compulsive use of a drug, dependence is an adaptation to a drug, tolerance is adaptation to a drug that requires larger amounts for relief.
More Information on Tolerance, Dependence & Addiction in Pain Management: Pain Management
- + Tomatoes
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- Tomatoes
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A vegetable rich in lycopene (an antioxidant associated with a reduced risk of cancer and heart disease), fiber, potassium and vitamins C, A, E and B9 (folate). Botanically, it is actually a fruit but is classified a vegetable by the USDA.
More Information on Tomatoes: Functional Foods
- + Tongue & Lip Injury
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- Tongue & Lip Injury
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Trauma to the lips and tongue is common, because the soft flesh and exposed location make them particularly vulnerable. Injuries may include laceration, bruising and swelling.
More Information on Tongue & Lip Injury: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Candidiasis
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- Tongue Candidiasis
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"Tongue Candidiasis" is more commonly referred to as "Thrush" in the medical community.
Thrush
Also Known As: "Oropharyngeal Candidiasis, Thrush Mouth, OPC, Oral Candidiasis, Oral Thrush, Tinea Nigra, Mouth Candidiasis"
A yeast infection of the mouth characterized by whitish patches on the corners of the mouth, insides of the cheeks, tongue, palate and throat. It is caused by overgrowth of Candida fungus and is common in babies.
More Information on Thrush: Oral Infections
- + Tongue Frena
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- Tongue Frena
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"Tongue Frena" is more commonly referred to as "Lingual Frenum" in the medical community.
Lingual Frenum
Also Known As: "Lingual Frenulum, Frenum Linguae, Tongue Frenum, Lingual Frena, Tongue Frenulum"
A small band of skin on the underside of the tongue that that attaches the tongue to the bottom of the oral cavity.
More Information on Lingual Frenum: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Frenulum
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- Tongue Frenulum
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"Tongue Frenulum" is more commonly referred to as "Lingual Frenum" in the medical community.
Lingual Frenum
Also Known As: "Lingual Frenulum, Frenum Linguae, Lingual Frena, Tongue Frena, Tongue Frenum"
A small band of skin on the underside of the tongue that that attaches the tongue to the bottom of the oral cavity.
More Information on Lingual Frenum: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Frenum
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- Tongue Frenum
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"Tongue Frenum" is more commonly referred to as "Lingual Frenum" in the medical community.
Lingual Frenum
Also Known As: "Lingual Frenulum, Frenum Linguae, Lingual Frena, Tongue Frenulum, Tongue Frena"
A small band of skin on the underside of the tongue that that attaches the tongue to the bottom of the oral cavity.
More Information on Lingual Frenum: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Piercing
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- Tongue Piercing
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"Tongue Piercing" is more commonly referred to as "Oral Piercing" in the medical community.
Oral Piercing
Also Known As: "Lip Piercing"
Piercing of areas in or around the mouth (e.g., tongue, lip). Side effects can include pain, swelling, infection, increased flow of saliva, injuries to the gum tissue and severe bleeding that is difficult to control.
More Information on Oral Piercing: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Tie
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- Tongue Tie
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Also Known As: "Ankyloglossia"
A condition in which free movement of the tongue is restricted. This occurs because the midline sheath of tissue attached to the base of the tongue (lingual frenum) is attached too far forward. In some cases, it needs surgical correction.
More Information on Tongue Tie: Mouth & Tongue Disorders
- + Tongue Tie Surgery
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- Tongue Tie Surgery
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"Tongue Tie Surgery" is more commonly referred to as "Frenulectomy" in the medical community.
Frenulectomy
Surgery to correct a problem with the attachment of the lingual frenum (midline sheath of tissue attached to the base of the tongue), which frees movement of the tongue and treats a condition called tongue tie (ankyloglossia).
More Information on Frenulectomy: Oral Health Basics
- + Tonic Clonic Seizures
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- Tonic Clonic Seizures
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Also Known As: "Grand Mal Seizures, Convulsions"
A type of generalized seizure that involves stiffening of the limbs (tonic phase) followed by jerking of the limbs and face (clonic phase). Some people may have only one of these phases.
More Information on Tonic Clonic Seizures: Epilepsy & Seizure
- + Tonsillectomy
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- Tonsillectomy
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Surgical removal of the tonsils. This is no longer routinely recommended for children with tonsillitis, although it may be necessary in cases of recurrent infections or complications such as breathing problems.
More Information on Tonsillectomy: Nose & Throat
- + Tonsillitis
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- Tonsillitis
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The irritation and inflammation of the tonsils, generally due to a bacterial or viral infection.
More Information on Tonsillitis: Nose & Throat
- + Tooth Abfraction
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- Tooth Abfraction
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"Tooth Abfraction" is more commonly referred to as "Abfraction" in the medical community.
Abfraction
Also Known As: "Dental Abfraction"
Wearing of a tooth caused by bending (flexure). Its existence is controversial and it may be difficult to distinguish from attrition - tooth surface loss caused by tooth to tooth contact. It may occur in only one tooth.
More Information on Abfraction: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Abfraction Lesions
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- Tooth Abfraction Lesions
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"Tooth Abfraction Lesions" is more commonly referred to as "Abfraction Lesions" in the medical community.
Abfraction Lesions
Also Known As: "Dental Abfraction Lesions"
Lines, cracks or notches in teeth that occur as the result of use over time. They can occur in any tooth, but are more common in molars and premolars - making teeth more susceptible to decay. They are not painful and most do not require treatment.
More Information on Abfraction Lesions: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Abrasion
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- Tooth Abrasion
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"Tooth Abrasion" is more commonly referred to as "Abrasion" in the medical community.
Abrasion
Also Known As: "Dental Abrasion"
Wearing of teeth that is caused by contact with foreign substances, such as holding objects between teeth or improper brushing. Also the dental technique used to remove tooth structure to fill a cavity.
More Information on Abrasion: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Abscess
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- Tooth Abscess
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"Tooth Abscess" is more commonly referred to as "Abscessed Teeth & Gums" in the medical community.
Abscessed Teeth & Gums
Also Known As: "Endodontic Abscess, Gum Abscess, Abscessed Teeth, Periodontal Abscess, Mouth Abscess, Abscessed Gums, Dental Abscess"
An area of pus that forms as the result of a bacterial infection. In the mouth, these may form in the gums, in teeth roots or after root canal treatment or in the gums.
More Information on Abscessed Teeth & Gums: Oral Infections
- + Tooth Attrition
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- Tooth Attrition
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"Tooth Attrition" is more commonly referred to as "Attrition" in the medical community.
Attrition
Also Known As: "Dental Attrition"
Irreversible wearing of teeth caused by tooth-to-tooth contact (e.g., when chewing or grinding teeth).
More Information on Attrition: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Bonding
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- Tooth Bonding
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"Tooth Bonding" is more commonly referred to as "Dental Bonding" in the medical community.
Dental Bonding
The application of resin to change the shape and/or color of a tooth, often used to repair a decayed, chipped, fractured or discolored tooth. The term may also be used to describe the process of adhering a dental appliance (e.g., crown) to a tooth.
More Information on Dental Bonding: Dental Bleaching & Appearance
- + Tooth Braces
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- Tooth Braces
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"Tooth Braces" is more commonly referred to as "Braces" in the medical community.
Braces
Also Known As: "Orthodontic Braces, Orthodontic Appliances, Dental Braces, Removable Appliances"
Devices used to realign the teeth and/or jaw into a correct (or improved) position. They may be used to correct cosmetic or functional problems, such as overbites, underbites, crooked teeth and more. They may be fixed or removable.
More Information on Braces: Dental Braces & Alignment
- + Tooth Brushing
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- Tooth Brushing
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"Tooth Brushing" is more commonly referred to as "Brushing" in the medical community.
Brushing
There are many effective techniques for brushing the teeth. It is important that all surfaces of the teeth as well as the tongue are brushed with a toothbrush that is not worn and with fluoride toothpaste.
More Information on Brushing: Oral Health Basics
- + Tooth Clenching
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- Tooth Clenching
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"Tooth Clenching" is more commonly referred to as "Jaw Clenching" in the medical community.
Jaw Clenching
Clamping down and pressing together the jaws and teeth. It is often associated with psychological stress or physical effort and is a major symptom of bruxism (teeth grinding). Persistent clenching can cause jaw pain or other problems.
More Information on Jaw Clenching: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Crowns
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- Tooth Crowns
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"Tooth Crowns" is more commonly referred to as "Crowns" in the medical community.
Crowns
Also Known As: "Dental Crowns"
A type of dental restoration that caps a tooth, restoring it to its original shape and size. They also strengthen and improve the appearance of a tooth and are typically used when fillings are inadequate to fix a tooth that is broken down.
More Information on Crowns: Dental Restorations
- + Tooth Damage
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- Tooth Damage
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"Tooth Damage" is more commonly referred to as "Broken Tooth" in the medical community.
Broken Tooth
Also Known As: "Chipped Tooth, Tooth Fracture"
A broken tooth can often be repaired. It is important for patients to rinse their mouths with warm water, apply cold compresses to keep any swelling down, and contact their dentist immediately.
More Information on Broken Tooth: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Decay
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- Tooth Decay
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Also Known As: "Dental Caries"
Destruction of the tooth resulting from the interaction between teeth, food and bacteria.
More Information on Tooth Decay: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Discoloration
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- Tooth Discoloration
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Also Known As: "Age Related Discoloration, Extrinsic Discoloration, Intrinsic Discoloration"
Abnormal coloring on the surface of a tooth, caused by stains changes in the tooth material. The three main categories are extrinsic discoloration, intrinsic discoloration and age-related discoloration.
More Information on Tooth Discoloration: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Erosion
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- Tooth Erosion
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"Tooth Erosion" is more commonly referred to as "Erosion" in the medical community.
Erosion
Also Known As: "Dental Erosion"
Irreversible wearing of teeth caused by a chemical process unrelated to bacteria. Chemicals may come from inside the body (intrinsic, such as occurs with reflux or vomiting) or from outside (extrinsic, such as acidic food and drink).
More Information on Erosion: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Extraction
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- Tooth Extraction
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Also Known As: "Pulled Tooth"
Removal of one or more teeth from their sockets in the bone. This is typically performed when the tooth is too damaged to be saved, but there are other reasons as well.
More Information on Tooth Extraction: Bridges, Dentures & Implants
- + Tooth Fracture
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- Tooth Fracture
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"Tooth Fracture" is more commonly referred to as "Broken Tooth" in the medical community.
Broken Tooth
Also Known As: "Chipped Tooth, Tooth Damage"
A broken tooth can often be repaired. It is important for patients to rinse their mouths with warm water, apply cold compresses to keep any swelling down, and contact their dentist immediately.
More Information on Broken Tooth: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Implants
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- Tooth Implants
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"Tooth Implants" is more commonly referred to as "Dental Implants" in the medical community.
Dental Implants
An artificial tooth root surgically anchored into the jaw to hold a replacement tooth or bridge in place. They are designed to look and feel like real teeth.
More Information on Dental Implants: Bridges, Dentures & Implants
- + Tooth Injuries
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- Tooth Injuries
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Injuries resulting in a lost or damaged tooth (including fractured, cracked or loose teeth). Patients are urged to save any pieces of the tooth, wrap them in a cool, moist cloth and see a dentist as soon as possible.
More Information on Tooth Injuries: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Injuries & Children
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- Tooth Injuries & Children
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Damaged teeth or teeth that have been knocked out can be a concern for children who have their permanent teeth. In many cases, these injuries can be repaired or the missing tooth can be reinserted. Children with tooth injuries should see a dentist.
More Information on Tooth Injuries & Children: Pediatric Dental
- + Tooth Laser Treatments
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- Tooth Laser Treatments
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"Tooth Laser Treatments" is more commonly referred to as "Laser Dental Treatments" in the medical community.
Laser Dental Treatments
Also Known As: "Gum Laser Treatments"
Lasers are used in many forms of dental treatment, including soft tissue surgery, resin treatments for fillings and appliances, bleaching procedures and, most recently, treatment of tooth decay and cavities.
More Information on Laser Dental Treatments: Oral Health Basics
- + Tooth Pain
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- Tooth Pain
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Also Known As: "Odontalgia"
Pain in or around the teeth. It is most often caused by tooth decay or gum disease, but may also have nondental causes, such as heart problems.
More Information on Tooth Pain: Oral Signs & Symptoms
- + Tooth Remineralization
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- Tooth Remineralization
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"Tooth Remineralization" is more commonly referred to as "Remineralization" in the medical community.
Remineralization
The strengthening of a tooth by depositing minerals, such as fluoride, calcium and phosphate, into its enamel.
More Information on Remineralization: Oral Health Basics
- + Tooth Reshaping
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- Tooth Reshaping
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"Tooth Reshaping" is more commonly referred to as "Recontouring Teeth" in the medical community.
Recontouring Teeth
Also Known As: "Odontoplasty"
The altering of a tooth by removing small amounts of tooth enamel to change the length, shape, or surface contours of a tooth.
More Information on Recontouring Teeth: Dental Restorations
- + Tooth Restoration
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- Tooth Restoration
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"Tooth Restoration" is more commonly referred to as "Dental Restoration" in the medical community.
Dental Restoration
Also Known As: "Restorative Dentistry"
The process of repairing damaged, decayed or unsightly teeth. Many substances may be used to replace lost tooth structure, such as fillings created inside the mouth (direct) or crowns created outside and later implanted (indirect).
More Information on Dental Restoration: Dental Restorations
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- + Tooth Stains
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- Tooth Stains
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"Tooth Stains" is more commonly referred to as "Stains" in the medical community.
Stains
Also Known As: "Dental Stains"
Discolorizations that appear on teeth due to exposure to substances or chemicals (e.g., tobacco, coffee, chlorine). Prevention methods include avoiding or minimizing exposure to these substances or having teeth cleaned more frequently.
More Information on Stains: Oral Health Basics
- + Tooth Surface Loss
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- Tooth Surface Loss
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Irreversible wearing of the surface and structure of teeth. It can be caused by tooth-to-tooth contact (attrition), chemical contact (erosion), bending of teeth (abfraction) or contact with foreign objects (abrasion).
More Information on Tooth Surface Loss: Tooth Decay & Damage
- + Tooth Veneers
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- Tooth Veneers
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"Tooth Veneers" is more commonly referred to as "Veneers" in the medical community.
Veneers
Also Known As: "Dental Veneers"
Very thin shells of a tooth-colored material (e.g., composites, porcelain, ceramic, resin) that are bonded to the front of the teeth to replace or cover the natural enamel.
More Information on Veneers: Dental Bleaching & Appearance
- + Toothache
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- Toothache
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Also Known As: "Odontalgia, Tooth Pain"
Pain in or around the teeth. It is most often caused by tooth decay or gum disease, but may also have nondental causes, such as heart problems.
More Information on Toothache: Oral Signs & Symptoms
- + Toothaches of Nondental Origin
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- Toothaches of Nondental Origin
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Pain that is felt in a tooth or teeth, but is not caused by a disease or condition of the teeth.
More Information on Toothaches of Nondental Origin: Ear, Eye & Face Pain
- + Toothbrush
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- Toothbrush
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A brush designed to clean teeth. Those with a long, wide handle, compact head and soft nylon bristles with rounded ends are recommended.
More Information on Toothbrush: Oral Health Basics
- + Toothless
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- Toothless
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"Toothless" is more commonly referred to as "Edentulous" in the medical community.
Edentulous
Also Known As: "Edentulism"
Complete lack of teeth.
More Information on Edentulous: Oral Health Basics
- + Toothpaste
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- Toothpaste
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Also Known As: "Dentifrice"
A paste, powder, liquid or gel used to clean teeth. It is recommended to use a type containing fluoride with every brushing.
More Information on Toothpaste: Oral Health Basics
- + Tophi
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- Tophi
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Large uric acid crystals that collect in the joints, bones and cartilage structures (e.g., ears) in patients with chronic tophaceous gout, an advance stage of gout that occurs when the condition goes untreated for several years.
More Information on Tophi: Arthritis
- + Topical
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- Topical
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Applied directly to the skin.
More Information on Topical: Skin & Hair Basics
- + Topical Anesthetic
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- Topical Anesthetic
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A type of anesthetic applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes to relieve pain or discomfort. It is commonly used prior to dental injections and procedures or to relieve pain from teething, braces, canker sores or toothaches.
More Information on Topical Anesthetic: Oral Medications
- + Topical Immunomodulators
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- Topical Immunomodulators
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Also Known As: "TIMS"
Medications applied directly to the skin that can increase or suppress immune system responses in the body.
More Information on Topical Immunomodulators: Skin Drugs & Medications
- + Topical Vitamin D
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- Topical Vitamin D
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"Topical Vitamin D" is more commonly referred to as "Vitamin D Analogs" in the medical community.
Vitamin D Analogs
Also Known As: "Topical Vitamin D3, Topical Vitamin D Analogs"
Drug used to treat psoriasis by controlling the overproduction of skin cells in areas affected by the disorder. It is sometimes combined with UVB phototherapy.
More Information on Vitamin D Analogs: Skin Drugs & Medications
- + Topical Vitamin D Analogs
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- Topical Vitamin D Analogs
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"Topical Vitamin D Analogs" is more commonly referred to as "Vitamin D Analogs" in the medical community.
Vitamin D Analogs
Also Known As: "Topical Vitamin D, Topical Vitamin D3"
Drug used to treat psoriasis by controlling the overproduction of skin cells in areas affected by the disorder. It is sometimes combined with UVB phototherapy.
More Information on Vitamin D Analogs: Skin Drugs & Medications
- + Topical Vitamin D3
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- Topical Vitamin D3
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"Topical Vitamin D3" is more commonly referred to as "Vitamin D Analogs" in the medical community.
Vitamin D Analogs
Also Known As: "Topical Vitamin D Analogs, Topical Vitamin D"
Drug used to treat psoriasis by controlling the overproduction of skin cells in areas affected by the disorder. It is sometimes combined with UVB phototherapy.
More Information on Vitamin D Analogs: Skin Drugs & Medications
- + Topiramate
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- Topiramate
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"Topiramate" is more commonly referred to as "Lamotrigine" in the medical community.
Lamotrigine
Also Known As: "Gabapentin, Valproate"
A type of medication belonging to the drug class of anticonvulsants.
More Information on Lamotrigine: Psychiatric Medications
- + Topoisomerase Inhibitors
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- Topoisomerase Inhibitors
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An anticancer drug that inhibits the enzymes responsible for the arrangement and rearrangement of DNA in cancer cells, killing them or slowing their growth. Usually prescribed to treat ovarian cancer.
More Information on Topoisomerase Inhibitors: Cancer Drug & Medication
- + Tori
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- Tori
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Also Known As: "Palatini Tori, Mandibulari Tori"
A harmless growth of bone, which may occur on the palate (tori palatini) or lower jaw (tori mandibulari). This does not typically cause problems with eating or speaking and cannot become cancerous.
More Information on Tori: Oral Health Basics
- + Torn Aorta
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- Torn Aorta
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"Torn Aorta" is more commonly referred to as "Aortic Dissection" in the medical community.
Aortic Dissection
Also Known As: "Type A Aortic Dissection, Dissecting Aortic Aneurism, Descending Aortic Dissection, Acute Aortic Dissection, Ascending Aortic Dissection, Type B Aortic Dissection"
A tear in the inner lining of the aorta that allows blood to leak into the space between the inner and outer layers. This could be fatal. The aorta may also widen or balloon, creating a dissecting aortic aneurysm.
More Information on Aortic Dissection: Aneurysm
- + Torsade de Pointes
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