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A tracheostomy or tracheotomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the windpipe (trachea) in the neck. It is performed for various medical reasons and may be used to open a hole for breathing if a cancerous tumor blocking the patient’s throat cannot be removed.
Tracheostomies also may be performed after a tumor is removed and swelling of the throat prevents a patient from breathing easily. This indication for tracheostomy is temporary and is designed to provide relief until the swelling subsides and the patient can breathe normally. The hole that is created during the procedure is also known as a tracheostomy or stoma. A rigid tube is inserted into this opening to facilitate breathing and to allow the removal of secretions from the trachea and lungs. Tracheostomy is an inpatient procedure, which means that patients will be hospitalized for several days following the surgery. Patients who have a tracheostomy may face a period of adjustment while learning to breathe and to speak. In addition, patients will need to learn how to properly clean and maintain their tube, and will need to take measures to protect the stoma from dry air, debris and infection. | 
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