Prior to undergoing a vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty, the cause of a patient’s back pain must be determined. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are designed to treat vertebral compression fractures – they do not help other spinal conditions that can cause back pain such as herniated discs or severe arthritis.  

Various imaging tests (e.g., x-rays, CAT scans, MRI) are usually conducted in order to confirm the presence of vertebral compression fractures. If these tests reveal a compression fracture of the spine, physicians may first attempt noninvasive treatments such as bed rest, analgesics, physical therapy and/or a back brace. If these prove ineffective or the pain is severe, a physician may recommend vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty.

Once a vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty is planned, several steps are required to prepare the patient. Patients may be checked for signs of infection or heart disease to identify the risk of any potential complications during the procedure. Patients should report all medications or supplements they are taking, as well as any current medical conditions, including allergies, to their physician prior to the procedure. Patients may be asked not to eat for a period of time before the procedure.