An x-ray is a painless test in which an image is created of part of the body by using low doses of electromagnetic radiation that are reflected on film paper or fluorescent screens. X-rays or radiography can be used to diagnose many conditions, including:

• Bone breaks, chips and fractures
  
  
• Sprains and strains
  
  
• Tooth or jaw abnormalities
  
  
• Progression of degenerative diseases such as arthritis

An x-ray is painless and does not typically cause any side effects when administered correctly. A lead apron is usually worn to protect organs from radiation damage. Although the rays of radiation pose very little risk, x-rays may be harmful to developing fetuses. Therefore, women who are or may be pregnant should inform their physician or x-ray technologist of the condition.

Some modern tests (e.g., CAT scan) use computers along with x-rays to create three-dimensional imaging. X-ray tests are typically  viewed by an x-ray specialist (radiologist) before the results are explained to the patient.

Special requirements may be necessary before administering some specialized x-rays. Certain x-ray tests require a contrast medium to be injected, swallowed, or inserted. This helps outline certain internal structures on the x-ray image. X-ray tests requiring a contrast medium can take as long as an hour. However, many standard x-rays take only a few seconds or minutes (e.g., dental x-ray).